ES6+

ES6+ introduces powerful features like destructuring, spread/rest operators, template literals, default parameters, and Sets/Maps, enhancing JavaScript's flexibility and expressiveness for modern development needs. These additions streamline coding, enabling concise syntax and improved data manipulation and organization.

CommonJS, synchronous and prevalent in Node.js, uses module.exports for exporting and require() for importing. ES6 Modules, asynchronous and native to modern browsers, employ export for exporting and import for importing, offering better performance and flexibility for web development.